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Pyroshock

Purpose of Tests

In order to verify defense and aerospace vehicle integrity, pyroshock testing is performed in a controlled laboratory environment. Pyroshock testing can be performed using explosive charges or by high energy short duration mechanical impacts. The acceleration time history of a pyroshock approximates decaying sinusoids. Pyroshock refers to any long-term, high-frequency and high amplitude mechanical excitation. Pyroshock exposure can damage circuit boards, dislodge contaminants, short out electrical components or cause other negative consequences. EnScientific Testings and Certification is capable of configuring a pyroshock testing routine to your exact specifications. Generally speaking, pyroshock testing techniques can be classified one of three ways:

  • Near-field —Near-field pyroshock testing is accomplished via a mechanical or a pyrotechnically excited simulation. This type of testing is typically employed for amplitudes above 10,000 g and frequencies of 10 kHz or higher.
  • Mid-field — Mid-field testing refers to any testing involving frequencies between 3-10 kHz and amplitudes up to 10,000 g. Simulation can be done mechanically by any means other than shaker shock testing.
  • Far-field — Lastly, far-field testing encompasses pyrotesting of amplitudes up to 1,000 g at frequencies less than 3 kHz. This is the only type of pyroshock testing for which shaker shock testing is applicable, though mechanical simulation is also an option.

These categories are further defined in MIL-STD-810G, Method 517, and NASA-STD-7003 standards. For more information about various testing options, contact an EnScientific Testings and Certification representative today.

Pyroshock tests involving pyrotechnic (explosive- or propellant-activated) devices are performed to

  • a. provide a degree of confidence that materiel can structurally and functionally withstand the infrequent shock effects caused by the detonation of a pyrotechnic device on a structural configuration to which the materiel is mounted.
  • b. experimentally estimate the materiel's fragility level in relation to pyroshock in order that shock mitigation procedures may be employed to protect the materiel’s structural and functional integrity.
  • Effects of pyroshock

  • a. materiel failure as a result of destruction of the structural integrity of micro electronic chips;
  • b. materiel failure as a result of relay chatter;
  • c. materiel failure as a result of circuit card malfunction, circuit card damage, and electronic connector failure. On occasion, circuit card contaminants having the potential to cause short circuits may be dislodged under pyroshock.
  • d. materiel failure as a result of cracks and fracture in crystals, ceramics, epoxies, or glass envelopes
  • Procedure

  • a. Procedure I - Near-field with an actual configuration. Replication of pyroshock for the near-field environment using the actual materiel and the associated pyrotechnic shock test device configuration.
  • b. Procedure II - Near-field with a simulated configuration. Replication of pyroshock for the near-field environment using the actual materiel but with the associated pyrotechnic shock test device isolated from the test item, e.g., by being mounted on the back of a flat steel plate. (This normally will minimize testing costs because fewer materiel configurations and/or platforms associated with the test item will be damaged. This can be used for repeated tests at varying pyroshock levels.)
  • c. Procedure III - Far-field with a mechanical test device. Replication of pyroshock for the far-field environment with a mechanical device that simulates the pyroshock peak acceleration amplitudes and frequency content (other than an electrodynamics shaker because of frequency range limitations of the electrodynamics shaker).
  • d. Procedure IV - Far-field with an electrodynamics shaker. Replication of pyroshock for the far-field environment using an electrodynamics shaker to simulate the comparatively low frequency structural resonant response to the pyroshock.
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